تمزق الرباط الصليبي

كل ما يخص الصحة والرياضة

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التمزق الرباط الصليبي

التمزق الرباط الصليبي هو إصابة شائعة تحدث غالبًا خلال الأنشطة الرياضية التي تتطلب توقفات مفاجئة، وتغييرات في الاتجاه، أو قفزات. يتكون الرباط الصليبي الأمامي (ACL) والرباط الصليبي الخلفي (PCL) من ألياف قوية تربط بين عظم الفخذ (الفيمور) وعظم الساق (التيبيا).

الأسباب الشائعة للتمزق:

تغييرات مفاجئة في الاتجاه.
توقفات مفاجئة.
القفز والهبوط بطريقة غير صحيحة.
التصادمات المباشرة.

الأعراض:

ألم شديد في الركبة.
صوت "فرقعة" في وقت الإصابة.
تورم سريع في الركبة.
عدم الاستقرار أو الشعور بأن الركبة "تنزلق".

التشخيص:

الفحص البدني.
صور الأشعة السينية (لتحديد الأضرار في العظام).
التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي (MRI) لتحديد مدى التمزق في الأنسجة.

العلاج:

غير الجراحي:

الراحة والثلج لتقليل الألم والتورم.
العلاج الطبيعي لتقوية العضلات المحيطة بالركبة واستعادة نطاق الحركة.
ارتداء دعامة الركبة لتوفير الدعم.

الجراحي:

يتم إصلاح الرباط المتضرر أو استبداله باستخدام جزء من الوتر من الجسم (عادة من الركبة أو عضلات الفخذ).

إعادة التأهيل:

فترة إعادة التأهيل تتراوح بين عدة أشهر إلى سنة.
تمارين لتقوية العضلات وزيادة المرونة.
برامج تدريبية لاستعادة القوة والتوازن.

من المهم استشارة طبيب متخصص في حال الاشتباه بتمزق الرباط الصليبي للحصول على التشخيص والعلاج المناسبين.

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